/*
 * 86Box    A hypervisor and IBM PC system emulator that specializes in
 *          running old operating systems and software designed for IBM
 *          PC systems and compatibles from 1981 through fairly recent
 *          system designs based on the PCI bus.
 *
 *          This file is part of the 86Box distribution.
 *
 *          Roland MPU-401 emulation.
 *
 * Authors: DOSBox Team,
 *          Miran Grca, <mgrca8@gmail.com>
 *          TheCollector1995, <mariogplayer@gmail.com>
 *
 *          Copyright 2008-2024 DOSBox Team.
 *          Copyright 2016-2024 Miran Grca.
 *          Copyright 2016-2024 TheCollector1995.
 */
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#define HAVE_STDARG_H

#include <86box/86box.h>
#include <86box/device.h>
#include <86box/io.h>
#include <86box/machine.h>
#include <86box/mca.h>
#include <86box/midi.h>
#include <86box/pic.h>
#include <86box/plat.h>
#include <86box/timer.h>
#include <86box/snd_mpu401.h>
#include <86box/sound.h>
#include <86box/plat_unused.h>

static uint32_t MPUClockBase[8] = { 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, 192 };
static uint8_t  cth_data[16]    = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0 };

enum {
    STATUS_OUTPUT_NOT_READY = 0x40,
    STATUS_INPUT_NOT_READY  = 0x80
};

int mpu401_standalone_enable = 0;

static void MPU401_WriteCommand(mpu_t *mpu, uint8_t val);
static void MPU401_WriteData(mpu_t *mpu, uint8_t val);
static void MPU401_IntelligentOut(mpu_t *mpu, uint8_t track);
static void MPU401_EOIHandler(void *priv);
static void MPU401_EOIHandlerDispatch(void *priv);
static __inline void MPU401_NotesOff(mpu_t *mpu, unsigned int i);

#ifdef ENABLE_MPU401_LOG
int mpu401_do_log = ENABLE_MPU401_LOG;

static void
mpu401_log(const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;

    if (mpu401_do_log) {
        va_start(ap, fmt);
        pclog_ex(fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
    }
}
#else
#    define mpu401_log(fmt, ...)
#endif

static void
MPU401_UpdateIRQ(mpu_t *mpu, int set)
{
    /* Clear IRQ. */
    if ((mpu->irq > 0) && (mpu->irq <= 15)) {
        mpu401_log("MPU401_UpdateIRQ(): Int IRQ %i %s.\n", mpu->irq, set ? "set" : "cleared");
        picint_common(1 << mpu->irq, PIC_IRQ_EDGE, set, NULL);
    }

    if (mpu->ext_irq_update) {
        mpu401_log("MPU401_UpdateIRQ(): Ext IRQ %s.\n", set ? "set" : "cleared");
        mpu->ext_irq_update(mpu->priv, set);
    }
}

static void
MPU401_ReCalcClock(mpu_t *mpu)
{
    int32_t mintempo = 16;
    int32_t maxtempo = 240;
    int32_t freq;

    if (mpu->clock.timebase < 72) {
        maxtempo = 240;
        mintempo = 32;
    } else if (mpu->clock.timebase < 120) {
        maxtempo = 240;
        mintempo = 16;
    } else if (mpu->clock.timebase < 168) {
        maxtempo = 208;
        mintempo = 8;
    } else {
        maxtempo = 179;
        mintempo = 8;
    }

    mpu->clock.freq = ((uint32_t) (mpu->clock.tempo * 2 * mpu->clock.tempo_rel)) >> 6;
    mpu->clock.freq = mpu->clock.timebase * (mpu->clock.freq < (mintempo * 2) ?
                      mintempo : ((mpu->clock.freq / 2) < maxtempo ? (mpu->clock.freq / 2) : maxtempo));

    if (mpu->state.sync_in) {
        freq = (int32_t) ((double) (mpu->clock.freq) * mpu->clock.freq_mod);
        if ((freq > (mpu->clock.timebase * mintempo)) && (freq < (mpu->clock.timebase * maxtempo)))
            mpu->clock.freq = freq;
    }
}

static void
MPU401_ReStartClock(mpu_t *mpu)
{
    if (mpu->clock.active) {
        timer_disable(&mpu->mpu401_event_callback);
        timer_set_delay_u64(&mpu->mpu401_event_callback,
                            (MPU401_TIMECONSTANT / mpu->clock.freq) * 1000 * TIMER_USEC);
        mpu401_log("MPU-401: Clock restarted\n");
    }
}

static __inline void
MPU401_StartClock(mpu_t *mpu)
{
    if (!mpu->clock.active && (mpu->state.playing ||
        mpu->state.clock_to_host || (mpu->state.rec == M_RECON))) {
        mpu->clock.active = 1;
        timer_set_delay_u64(&mpu->mpu401_event_callback,
                            (MPU401_TIMECONSTANT / mpu->clock.freq) * 1000 * TIMER_USEC);
        mpu401_log("MPU-401: Clock started\n");
    }
}

static __inline void
MPU401_StopClock(mpu_t *mpu)
{
    if (mpu->clock.active && !mpu->state.playing &&
        !mpu->state.clock_to_host && (mpu->state.rec != M_RECON)) {
        mpu->clock.active = 0;
        timer_disable(&mpu->mpu401_event_callback);
        mpu401_log("MPU-401: Clock stopped\n");
    }
}

static __inline void
MPU401_RunClock(mpu_t *mpu)
{
    if (mpu->clock.active)
        timer_advance_u64(&mpu->mpu401_event_callback,
                          (MPU401_TIMECONSTANT / mpu->clock.freq) * 1000 * TIMER_USEC);
    else
        timer_disable(&mpu->mpu401_event_callback);
}

static void
MPU401_QueueByte(mpu_t *mpu, uint8_t data)
{
    if (mpu->state.block_ack) {
        mpu->state.block_ack = 0;
        return;
    }

    mpu401_log("QueueByte Used=%d.\n", mpu->queue_used);
    if (!mpu->queue_used) {
        mpu->state.irq_pending = 1;
        MPU401_UpdateIRQ(mpu, 1);
    }

    if (mpu->queue_used < MPU401_QUEUE) {
        if (mpu->queue_pos > MPU401_QUEUE)  fatal("MPU queue overflow\n");
        uint8_t pos = mpu->queue_used + mpu->queue_pos;
        if (mpu->queue_pos >= MPU401_QUEUE)
            mpu->queue_pos -= MPU401_QUEUE;
        if (pos >= MPU401_QUEUE)
            pos -= MPU401_QUEUE;

        mpu->queue_used++;
        if (pos >= MPU401_QUEUE)  fatal("MPU position overflow\n");
        mpu->queue[pos] = data;
    }
}

static void
MPU401_RecQueueBuffer(mpu_t *mpu, uint8_t *buf, unsigned int len)
{
    unsigned int cnt = 0;

    while (cnt < len) {
        if (mpu->rec_queue_used < MPU401_INPUT_QUEUE) {
            unsigned int pos = mpu->rec_queue_used + mpu->rec_queue_pos;
            if (pos >= MPU401_INPUT_QUEUE)
                pos -= MPU401_INPUT_QUEUE;
            mpu->rec_queue[pos] = buf[cnt];
            mpu->rec_queue_used++;
            if (!mpu->state.sysex_in_finished && (buf[cnt] == MSG_EOX)) {
                /* Finish SysEx */
                mpu->state.sysex_in_finished = 1;
                break;
            }
            cnt++;
        }
    }
    if (!mpu->queue_used) {
        if (mpu->state.rec_copy || mpu->state.irq_pending) {
            if (mpu->state.irq_pending) {
                mpu->state.irq_pending = 0;
                MPU401_UpdateIRQ(mpu, 0);
            }
            return;
        }

        mpu->state.rec_copy = 1;
        if (mpu->rec_queue_pos >= MPU401_INPUT_QUEUE)
            mpu->rec_queue_pos -= MPU401_INPUT_QUEUE;

        MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, mpu->rec_queue[mpu->rec_queue_pos]);
            mpu->rec_queue_used--;
            mpu->rec_queue_pos++;
    }
}

static void
MPU401_ClrQueue(mpu_t *mpu)
{
    mpu->queue_used              = 0;
    mpu->queue_pos               = 0;
    mpu->rec_queue_used          = 0;
    mpu->rec_queue_pos           = 0;
    mpu->state.sysex_in_finished = 1;
    mpu->state.irq_pending       = 0;
    MPU401_UpdateIRQ(mpu, 0);
}

static void
MPU401_Reset(mpu_t *mpu)
{
    uint8_t i;

    midi_reset();
    /* Clear MIDI buffers, terminate notes. */
    midi_clear_buffer();
    for (i = 0xb0; i <= 0xbf; i++) {
        midi_raw_out_byte(i);
        midi_raw_out_byte(0x7b);
        midi_raw_out_byte(0);
    }

    mpu->state.irq_pending = 0;
    MPU401_UpdateIRQ(mpu, 0);

    timer_disable(&mpu->mpu401_event_callback);

    mpu->mode                                       = M_INTELLIGENT;
    mpu->midi_thru                                  = 0;
    mpu->state.rec                                  = M_RECOFF;
    mpu->state.eoi_scheduled                        = 0;
    mpu->state.wsd                                  = 0;
    mpu->state.wsm                                  = 0;
    mpu->state.conductor                            = 0;
    mpu->state.cond_req                             = 0;
    mpu->state.cond_set                             = 0;
    mpu->state.playing                              = 0;
    mpu->state.run_irq                              = 0;
    mpu->state.cmask                                = 0xff;
    mpu->state.amask = mpu->state.tmask             = 0;
    mpu->state.midi_mask                            = 0xffff;
    mpu->state.command_byte                         = 0;
    mpu->state.block_ack                            = 0;
    mpu->clock.tempo = mpu->clock.old_tempo         = 100;
    mpu->clock.timebase = mpu->clock.old_timebase   = 120;
    mpu->clock.tempo_rel = mpu->clock.old_tempo_rel = 0x40;
    mpu->clock.freq_mod                             = 1.0;
    mpu->clock.tempo_grad                           = 0;
    mpu->state.clock_to_host                        = 0;
    MPU401_StopClock(mpu);
    MPU401_ReCalcClock(mpu);

    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
        mpu->clock.cth_rate[i]                      = 60;

    mpu->clock.cth_counter                          = 0;
    mpu->clock.midimetro                            = 12;
    mpu->clock.metromeas                            = 8;
    mpu->filter.rec_measure_end                     = 1;
    mpu->filter.rt_out                              = 1;
    mpu->filter.rt_affection                        = 1;
    mpu->filter.allnotesoff_out                     = 1;
    mpu->filter.all_thru                            = 1;
    mpu->filter.midi_thru                           = 1;
    mpu->filter.commonmsgs_thru                     = 1;

    /* Reset channel reference and input tables. */
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        mpu->chanref[i].on                          = 1;
        mpu->chanref[i].chan                        = i;

        mpu->ch_toref[i]                            = i;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
        mpu->inputref[i].on                         = 1;
        mpu->inputref[i].chan                       = i;
        if (i > 3)
            mpu->ch_toref[i]                        = 4; /* Dummy reftable. */
    }

    /* SB 16 only? */
    if (!mpu->intelligent)
        MPU401_ClrQueue(mpu);

    mpu->state.data_onoff                           = -1;

    mpu->state.req_mask                             = 0;
    mpu->condbuf.counter                            = 0;

    mpu->condbuf.type                               = T_OVERFLOW;

    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        mpu->playbuf[i].type                        = T_OVERFLOW;
        mpu->playbuf[i].counter                     = 0;
    }

    /* Clear MIDI buffers, terminate notes. */
    midi_clear_buffer();

    for (i = 0xb0; i <= 0xbf; i++) {
        midi_raw_out_byte(i);
        midi_raw_out_byte(0x7b);
        midi_raw_out_byte(0);
    }
}

static uint8_t
MPU401_ReadStatus(mpu_t *mpu)
{
    uint8_t ret = 0x00;

    if (mpu->state.cmd_pending)
        ret = STATUS_OUTPUT_NOT_READY;
    if (!mpu->queue_used)
        ret = STATUS_INPUT_NOT_READY;

    ret |= 0x3f;

    return ret;
}

static void
MPU401_ResetDone(void *priv)
{
    mpu_t *mpu = (mpu_t *) priv;

    mpu->state.reset = 0;

    if (mpu->state.cmd_pending) {
        MPU401_WriteCommand(mpu, mpu->state.cmd_pending - 1);
        mpu->state.cmd_pending = 0;
    }
}

static void
MPU401_WriteCommand(mpu_t *mpu, uint8_t val)
{
    uint8_t i;
    uint8_t j;
    uint8_t was_uart;
    uint8_t recmsg[3];

    if (mpu->state.reset)
        mpu->state.cmd_pending = val + 1;

    /* The only command recognized in UART mode is 0xFF: Reset and return to Intelligent mode. */
    if ((val != 0xff) && (mpu->mode == M_UART))
        return;

    /* In Intelligent mode, UART-only variants of the MPU-401 only support commands 0x3F and 0xFF. */
    if (!mpu->intelligent && (val != 0x3f) && (val != 0xff))
        return;

    /* Hack: Enable midi through after the first mpu401 command is written. */
    mpu->midi_thru = 1;

    if (val <= 0x2f) { /* Sequencer state */
        int send_prchg = 0;
        if ((val & 0xf) < 0xc) {
            switch (val & 3) { /* MIDI realtime messages */
                case 1:
                    mpu->state.last_rtcmd = 0xfc;
                    if (mpu->filter.rt_out)
                        midi_raw_out_rt_byte(0xfc);
                    mpu->clock.meas_old = mpu->clock.measure_counter;
                    mpu->clock.cth_old  = mpu->clock.cth_counter;
                    break;
                case 2:
                    mpu->state.last_rtcmd = 0xfa;
                    if (mpu->filter.rt_out)
                        midi_raw_out_rt_byte(0xfb);
                    mpu->clock.measure_counter = mpu->clock.meas_old = 0;
                    mpu->clock.cth_counter = mpu->clock.cth_old = 0;
                    break;
                case 3:
                    mpu->state.last_rtcmd = 0xfc;
                    if (mpu->filter.rt_out)
                        midi_raw_out_rt_byte(0xfa);
                    mpu->clock.measure_counter = mpu->clock.meas_old;
                    mpu->clock.cth_counter     = mpu->clock.cth_old;
                    break;

                default:
                    break;
            }
            switch (val & 0xc) { /* Playing */
                case 0x4:        /* Stop */
                    mpu->state.playing = 0;
                    MPU401_StopClock(mpu);
                    for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
                        MPU401_NotesOff(mpu, i);
                    mpu->filter.prchg_mask = 0;
                    break;
                case 0x8: /* Start */
                    mpu->state.playing = 1;
                    MPU401_StartClock(mpu);
                    MPU401_ClrQueue(mpu);
                    break;

                default:
                    break;
            }
            switch (val & 0x30) { /* Recording */
                case 0:           /* check if it waited for MIDI RT command */
                    if (((val & 3) < 2) || !mpu->filter.rt_affection || (mpu->state.rec != M_RECSTB))
                        break;
                    mpu->state.rec = M_RECON;
                    MPU401_StartClock(mpu);
                    if (mpu->filter.prchg_mask)
                        send_prchg = 1;
                    break;
                case 0x10: /* Stop */
                    mpu->state.rec = M_RECOFF;
                    MPU401_StopClock(mpu);
                    MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, MSG_MPU_ACK);
                    MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, mpu->clock.rec_counter);
                    MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, MSG_MPU_END);
                    mpu->filter.prchg_mask = 0;
                    mpu->clock.rec_counter = 0;
                    return;
                case 0x20: /* Start */
                    if (!(mpu->state.rec == M_RECON)) {
                        mpu->clock.rec_counter = 0;
                        mpu->state.rec         = M_RECSTB;
                    }
                    if ((mpu->state.last_rtcmd == 0xfa) || (mpu->state.last_rtcmd == 0xfb)) {
                        mpu->clock.rec_counter = 0;
                        mpu->state.rec         = M_RECON;
                        if (mpu->filter.prchg_mask)
                            send_prchg = 1;
                        MPU401_StartClock(mpu);
                    }
                    break;

                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
        MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, MSG_MPU_ACK);
        /* record counter hack: needed by Prism, but sent only on cmd 0x20/0x26 (or breaks Ballade) */
        uint8_t rec_cnt = mpu->clock.rec_counter;
        if (((val == 0x20) || (val == 0x26)) && (mpu->state.rec == M_RECON))
            MPU401_RecQueueBuffer(mpu, &rec_cnt, 1);

        if (send_prchg) {
            for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
                if (mpu->filter.prchg_mask & (1 << i)) {
                    recmsg[0] = mpu->clock.rec_counter;
                    recmsg[1] = 0xc0 | i;
                    recmsg[2] = mpu->filter.prchg_buf[i];
                    MPU401_RecQueueBuffer(mpu, recmsg, 3);
                    mpu->filter.prchg_mask &= ~(1 << i);
                }
            }
        }
        return;
    } else if ((val >= 0xa0) && (val <= 0xa7)) /* Request play counter */
        MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, mpu->playbuf[val & 7].counter);
    else if ((val >= 0xd0) && (val <= 0xd7)) { /* Send data */
        mpu->state.old_track = mpu->state.track;
        mpu->state.track     = val & 7;
        mpu->state.wsd       = 1;
        mpu->state.wsm       = 0;
        mpu->state.wsd_start = 1;
    } else if ((val < 0x80) && (val >= 0x40)) { /* Set reference table channel */
        mpu->chanref[(val >> 4) - 4].on     = 1;
        mpu->chanref[(val >> 4) - 4].chan   = val & 0x0f;
        mpu->chanref[(val >> 4) - 4].trmask = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
            mpu->chanref[(val >> 4) - 4].key[i] = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
            if (mpu->ch_toref[i] == ((val >> 4) - 4))
                mpu->ch_toref[i] = 4;
        }
        mpu->ch_toref[val & 0x0f] = (val >> 4) - 4;
    } else
        switch (val) {
            case 0x30: /* Configuration 0x30 - 0x39 */
                mpu->filter.allnotesoff_out = 0;
                break;
            case 0x32:
                mpu->filter.rt_out = 0;
                break;
            case 0x33:
                mpu->filter.all_thru        = 0;
                mpu->filter.commonmsgs_thru = 0;
                mpu->filter.midi_thru       = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
                    mpu->inputref[i].on = 0;
                    for (j = 0; j < 4; j++)
                        mpu->inputref[i].key[j] = 0;
                }
                break;
            case 0x34:
                mpu->filter.timing_in_stop = 1;
                break;
            case 0x35:
                mpu->filter.modemsgs_in = 1;
                break;
            case 0x37:
                mpu->filter.sysex_thru = 1;
                break;
            case 0x38:
                mpu->filter.commonmsgs_in = 1;
                break;
            case 0x39:
                mpu->filter.rt_in = 1;
                break;
            case 0x3f: /* UART mode */
                mpu401_log("MPU-401: Set UART mode %X\n", val);
                MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, MSG_MPU_ACK);
                mpu->mode = M_UART;
                return;
            case 0x80: /* Internal clock */
                if (mpu->clock.active && mpu->state.sync_in) {
                    timer_set_delay_u64(&mpu->mpu401_event_callback,
                                        (MPU401_TIMECONSTANT / mpu->clock.freq) * 1000 * TIMER_USEC);
                    mpu->clock.freq_mod = 1.0;
                }
                mpu->state.sync_in = 0;
                break;
            case 0x81: /* Sync to tape signal */
            case 0x82: /* Sync to MIDI */
                mpu->clock.ticks_in = 0;
                mpu->state.sync_in  = 1;
                break;
            case 0x86:
            case 0x87: /* Bender */
                mpu->filter.bender_in = !!(val & 1);
                break;
            case 0x88:
            case 0x89: /* MIDI through */
                mpu->filter.midi_thru = !!(val & 1);
                for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
                    mpu->inputref[i].on = mpu->filter.midi_thru;
                    if (!(val & 1)) {
                        for (j = 0; j < 4; j++)
                            mpu->inputref[i].key[j] = 0;
                    }
                }
                break;
            case 0x8a:
            case 0x8b: /* Data in stop */
                mpu->filter.data_in_stop = !!(val & 1);
                break;
            case 0x8c:
            case 0x8d: /* Send measure end */
                mpu->filter.rec_measure_end = !!(val & 1);
                break;
            case 0x8e:
            case 0x8f: /* Conductor */
                mpu->state.cond_set = !!(val & 1);
                break;
            case 0x90:
            case 0x91: /* Realtime affection */
                mpu->filter.rt_affection = !!(val & 1);
                break;
            case 0x94: /* Clock to host */
                mpu->state.clock_to_host = 0;
                MPU401_StopClock(mpu);
                break;
            case 0x95:
                mpu->state.clock_to_host = 1;
                MPU401_StartClock(mpu);
                break;
            case 0x96:
            case 0x97: /* Sysex input allow */
                mpu->filter.sysex_in = !!(val & 1);
                if (val & 1)
                    mpu->filter.sysex_thru = 0;
                break;
            case 0x98:
            case 0x99:
            case 0x9a:
            case 0x9b: /* Reference tables on/off */
            case 0x9c:
            case 0x9d:
            case 0x9e:
            case 0x9f:
                mpu->chanref[(val - 0x98) / 2].on = !!(val & 1);
                break;
            /* Commands 0xa# returning data */
            case 0xab: /* Request and clear recording counter */
                MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, MSG_MPU_ACK);
                MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, 0);
                return;
            case 0xac: /* Request version */
                MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, MSG_MPU_ACK);
                MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, MPU401_VERSION);
                return;
            case 0xad: /* Request revision */
                MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, MSG_MPU_ACK);
                MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, MPU401_REVISION);
                return;
            case 0xaf: /* Request tempo */
                MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, MSG_MPU_ACK);
                MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, mpu->clock.tempo);
                return;
            case 0xb1: /* Reset relative tempo */
                mpu->clock.old_tempo_rel = mpu->clock.tempo_rel;
                mpu->clock.tempo_rel     = 0x40;
                break;
            case 0xb8: /* Clear play counters */
                mpu->state.last_rtcmd = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
                    mpu->playbuf[i].counter = 0;
                    mpu->playbuf[i].type    = T_OVERFLOW;
                }
                mpu->condbuf.counter   = 0;
                mpu->condbuf.type      = T_OVERFLOW;
                mpu->state.amask       = mpu->state.tmask;
                mpu->state.conductor   = mpu->state.cond_set;
                mpu->clock.cth_counter = mpu->clock.cth_old = 0;
                mpu->clock.measure_counter = mpu->clock.meas_old = 0;
                mpu->state.req_mask    = 0;
                mpu->state.irq_pending = 1;
                break;
            case 0xb9: /* Clear play map */
                for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
                    MPU401_NotesOff(mpu, i);
                for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
                    mpu->playbuf[i].counter = 0;
                    mpu->playbuf[i].type    = T_OVERFLOW;
                }
                mpu->state.last_rtcmd  = 0;
                mpu->clock.cth_counter = mpu->clock.cth_old = 0;
                mpu->clock.measure_counter = mpu->clock.meas_old = 0;
                mpu->state.req_mask    = 0;
                mpu->state.irq_pending = 1;
                break;
            case 0xba: /* Clear record counter */
                mpu->clock.rec_counter = 0;
                break;
            case 0xc2:
            case 0xc3:
            case 0xc4: /* Internal timebase */
            case 0xc5:
            case 0xc6:
            case 0xc7:
            case 0xc8:
                mpu->clock.timebase = MPUClockBase[val - 0xc2];
                MPU401_ReCalcClock(mpu);
                MPU401_ReStartClock(mpu);
                break;
            case 0xdf: /* Send system message */
                mpu->state.wsd       = 0;
                mpu->state.wsm       = 1;
                mpu->state.wsd_start = 1;
                break;
            /* Commands with data byte */
            case 0xe0:
            case 0xe1:
            case 0xe2:
            case 0xe4:
            case 0xe6:
            case 0xe7:
            case 0xec:
            case 0xed:
            case 0xee:
            case 0xef:
                mpu->state.command_byte = val;
                break;
            case 0xff: /* Reset MPU-401 */
                mpu401_log("MPU-401: Reset %X\n", val);
                timer_set_delay_u64(&mpu->mpu401_reset_callback, MPU401_RESETBUSY * 33LL * TIMER_USEC);
                mpu->state.reset = 1;
                was_uart         = (mpu->mode == M_UART);
                MPU401_Reset(mpu);
                if (was_uart)
                    return;
                break;

            default:
#if 0
                mpu401_log("MPU-401:Unhandled command %X",val);
#endif
                break;
        }

    MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, MSG_MPU_ACK);
}

void
MPU401_ReadRaiseIRQ(mpu_t *mpu)
{
    /* Clear IRQ. */
    MPU401_UpdateIRQ(mpu, 0);

    if (mpu->queue_used)
        MPU401_UpdateIRQ(mpu, 1);
}

uint8_t
MPU401_ReadData(mpu_t *mpu)
{
    uint8_t ret = MSG_MPU_ACK;

    if (mpu->queue_used) {
        mpu->queue_pos -= (mpu->queue_pos >= MPU401_QUEUE) ? MPU401_QUEUE : 0;
        ret = mpu->queue[mpu->queue_pos];
        mpu->queue_pos++;
        mpu->queue_used--;
    }

    /* Shouldn't this check mpu->mode? */
    if (!mpu->intelligent || (mpu->mode == M_UART)) {
        MPU401_ReadRaiseIRQ(mpu);
        return ret;
    }

    mpu401_log("QueueUsed=%d.\n", mpu->queue_used);
    if (!mpu->queue_used)
        MPU401_UpdateIRQ(mpu, 0);

    if (mpu->state.rec_copy && !mpu->rec_queue_used) {
        MPU401_ReadRaiseIRQ(mpu);
        mpu->state.rec_copy = 0;
        MPU401_EOIHandler(mpu);
        return ret;
    }

    /* Copy from recording buffer. */
    if (!mpu->queue_used && mpu->rec_queue_used) {
        mpu->state.rec_copy = 1;
        if (mpu->rec_queue_pos >= MPU401_INPUT_QUEUE)
            mpu->rec_queue_pos -= MPU401_INPUT_QUEUE;

        MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, mpu->rec_queue[mpu->rec_queue_pos]);
        mpu->rec_queue_pos++;
        mpu->rec_queue_used--;
    }

    MPU401_ReadRaiseIRQ(mpu);

    if ((ret >= 0xf0) && (ret <= 0xf7)) { /* MIDI data request */
        mpu->state.track      = ret & 7;
        mpu->state.data_onoff = 0;
        mpu->state.cond_req   = 0;
        mpu->state.track_req  = 1;
    }

    if (ret == MSG_MPU_COMMAND_REQ) {
        mpu->state.data_onoff = 0;
        mpu->state.cond_req   = 1;
        if (mpu->condbuf.type != T_OVERFLOW) {
            mpu->state.block_ack = 1;
            MPU401_WriteCommand(mpu, mpu->condbuf.value[0]);
            if (mpu->state.command_byte)
                MPU401_WriteData(mpu, mpu->condbuf.value[1]);
            mpu->condbuf.type = T_OVERFLOW;
        }
    }

    if ((ret == MSG_MPU_END) || (ret == MSG_MPU_CLOCK) || (ret == MSG_MPU_ACK) || (ret == MSG_MPU_OVERFLOW))
        MPU401_EOIHandlerDispatch(mpu);

    return ret;
}

static void
MPU401_WriteData(mpu_t *mpu, uint8_t val)
{
    static unsigned int length;
    static unsigned int cnt;
    static unsigned int posd;

    if (!mpu->intelligent || (mpu->mode == M_UART)) {
        midi_raw_out_byte(val);
        if (val == 0xff)
            midi_reset();
        return;
    }

    switch (mpu->state.command_byte) { /* 0xe# command data */
        case 0x00:
            break;
        case 0xe0: /* Set tempo */
            mpu->state.command_byte = 0;
            if (mpu->clock.tempo < 8)
                mpu->clock.tempo = 8;
            else if (mpu->clock.tempo > 250)
                mpu->clock.tempo = 250;
            else
                mpu->clock.tempo = val;
            MPU401_ReCalcClock(mpu);
            MPU401_ReStartClock(mpu);
            return;
        case 0xe1: /* Set relative tempo */
            mpu->state.command_byte  = 0;
            mpu->clock.old_tempo_rel = mpu->clock.tempo_rel;
            mpu->clock.tempo_rel     = val;
            MPU401_ReCalcClock(mpu);
            MPU401_ReStartClock(mpu);
            return;
        case 0xe2: /* Set gradation for relative tempo */
            mpu->state.command_byte = 0;
            mpu->clock.tempo_grad = val;
            MPU401_ReCalcClock(mpu);
            MPU401_ReStartClock(mpu);
            return;
        case 0xe4: /* Set MIDI clocks for metronome ticks */
            mpu->state.command_byte = 0;
            mpu->clock.midimetro    = val;
            return;
        case 0xe6: /* Set metronome ticks per measure */
            mpu->state.command_byte = 0;
            mpu->clock.metromeas    = val;
            return;
        case 0xe7: /* Set internal clock to host interval */
            mpu->state.command_byte = 0;
            if (!val)
                val = 64;
            for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 4; i++)
                mpu->clock.cth_rate[i] = (val >> 2) + cth_data[(val & 3) * 4 + i];
            mpu->clock.cth_mode = 0;
            return;
        case 0xec: /* Set active track mask */
            mpu->state.command_byte = 0;
            mpu->state.tmask        = val;
            return;
        case 0xed: /* Set play counter mask */
            mpu->state.command_byte = 0;
            mpu->state.cmask        = val;
            return;
        case 0xee: /* Set 1-8 MIDI channel mask */
            mpu->state.command_byte = 0;
            mpu->state.midi_mask &= 0xff00;
            mpu->state.midi_mask |= val;
            return;
        case 0xef: /* Set 9-16 MIDI channel mask */
            mpu->state.command_byte = 0;
            mpu->state.midi_mask &= 0x00ff;
            mpu->state.midi_mask |= ((uint16_t) val) << 8;
            return;

        default:
            mpu->state.command_byte = 0;
            return;
    }

    if (mpu->state.wsd && !mpu->state.track_req && !mpu->state.cond_req) {
        /* Directly send MIDI message */
        if (mpu->state.wsd_start) {
            mpu->state.wsd_start = 0;
            cnt                  = 0;
            switch (val & 0xf0) {
                case 0xc0:
                case 0xd0:
                    length = mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].length = 2;
                    mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].type            = T_MIDI_NORM;
                    break;
                case 0x80:
                case 0x90:
                case 0xa0:
                case 0xb0:
                case 0xe0:
                    length = mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].length = 3;
                    mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].type            = T_MIDI_NORM;
                    break;

                case 0xf0:
#if 0
                    mpu401_log("MPU-401:Illegal WSD byte\n");
#endif
                    mpu->state.wsd   = 0;
                    mpu->state.track = mpu->state.old_track;
                    return;

                default: /* MIDI with running status */
                    cnt++;
                    length                              = mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].length;
                    mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].type = T_MIDI_NORM;
            }
        }

        if (cnt < length) {
            mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].value[cnt] = val;
            cnt++;
        }

        if (cnt == length) {
            mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].vlength = cnt;
            MPU401_IntelligentOut(mpu, mpu->state.track);
            mpu->state.wsd   = 0;
            mpu->state.track = mpu->state.old_track;
        }

        return;
    }

    if (mpu->state.wsm && !mpu->state.track_req && !mpu->state.cond_req) { /* Send system message */
        if (mpu->state.wsd_start) {
            mpu->state.wsd_start = 0;
            cnt                  = 0;
            switch (val) {
                case 0xf2:
                    length = 3;
                    break;

                case 0xf3:
                    length = 2;
                    break;

                case 0xf6:
                    length = 1;
                    break;

                case 0xf0:
                    length = 0;
                    break;

                default:
                    length = 0;
                    mpu->state.wsm = 0;
                    break;
            }
        } else if (val & 0x80) {
            midi_raw_out_byte(MSG_EOX);
            mpu->state.wsm = 0;
            return;
        }

        if (!length || (cnt < length)) {
            midi_raw_out_byte(val);
            cnt++;
        }

        if (cnt == length)
            mpu->state.wsm = 0;

        return;
    }

    if (mpu->state.cond_req) {
        /* Command */
        switch (mpu->state.data_onoff) {
            case -1:
                return;
            case 0: /* Timing byte */
                mpu->condbuf.vlength = 0;
                if (val < 0xf0)
                    mpu->state.data_onoff++;
                else {
                    mpu->state.data_onoff = -1;
                    MPU401_EOIHandlerDispatch(mpu);
                    return;
                }
                /* A timing value of 0 means send it now! */
                mpu->state.send_now  = (val == 0);
                mpu->condbuf.counter = val;
                break;
            case 1: /* Command byte #1 */
                mpu->condbuf.type = T_COMMAND;
                if ((val == 0xf8) || (val == 0xf9) || (val == 0xfc))
                    mpu->condbuf.type = T_OVERFLOW;

                mpu->condbuf.value[mpu->condbuf.vlength] = val;
                mpu->condbuf.vlength++;

                if ((val & 0xf0) != 0xe0)
                    MPU401_EOIHandlerDispatch(mpu);
                else
                    mpu->state.data_onoff++;
                break;

            case 2: /* Command byte #2 */
                mpu->condbuf.value[mpu->condbuf.vlength] = val;
                mpu->condbuf.vlength++;
                MPU401_EOIHandlerDispatch(mpu);
                break;

            default:
                break;
        }
        return;
    }
    switch (mpu->state.data_onoff) {
        /* Data */
        case -1:
            return;
        case 0: /* Timing byte */
            if (val < 0xf0)
                mpu->state.data_onoff = 1;
            else {
                mpu->state.data_onoff = -1;
                MPU401_EOIHandlerDispatch(mpu);
                mpu->state.track_req = 0;
                return;
            }
            mpu->state.send_now                    = (val == 0);
            mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].counter = val;
            break;
        case 1: /* MIDI */
            mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].vlength++;
            posd = mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].vlength;
  
            if (posd == 1) {
                switch (val & 0xf0) {
                    case 0xc0:
                    case 0xd0: /* MIDI Message */
                        mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].type            = T_MIDI_NORM;
                        length = mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].length = 2;
                        break;
                    case 0x80:
                    case 0x90:
                    case 0xa0:
                    case 0xb0:
                    case 0xe0:
                        mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].type            = T_MIDI_NORM;
                        length = mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].length = 3;
                        break;
                    case 0xf0: /* System message or mark */
                        mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].sys_val = val;
                        if (val > 0xf7) {
                            mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].type = T_MARK;
                            if (val == 0xf9)
                                mpu->clock.measure_counter = 0;
                        } else
                            mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].type = T_OVERFLOW;

                        length = 1;
                        break;

                    default: /* MIDI with running status */
                        posd++;
                        length                              = mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].length;
                        mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].vlength++;
                        mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].type = T_MIDI_NORM;
                        break;
                }
            }

            if (!((posd == 1) && (val >= 0xf0)))
                mpu->playbuf[mpu->state.track].value[posd - 1] = val;

            if (posd == length) {
                MPU401_EOIHandlerDispatch(mpu);
                mpu->state.track_req = 0;
            }
            break;
    }
}

static void
MPU401_IntelligentOut(mpu_t *mpu, uint8_t track)
{
    unsigned int chan;
    unsigned int chrefnum;
    uint8_t      key;
    uint8_t      msg;
    uint8_t      val;
    int          send;
    int          retrigger;

    switch (mpu->playbuf[track].type) {
        case T_OVERFLOW:
            break;
        case T_MARK:
            val = mpu->playbuf[track].sys_val;
            if (val == 0xfc) {
                midi_raw_out_rt_byte(val);
                mpu->state.amask &= ~(1 << track);
                mpu->state.req_mask &= ~(1 << track);
            }
            break;
        case T_MIDI_NORM:
            chan      = mpu->playbuf[track].value[0] & 0xf;
            key       = mpu->playbuf[track].value[1] & 0x7f;
            chrefnum  = mpu->ch_toref[chan];
            send      = 1;
            retrigger = 0;
            switch (msg = mpu->playbuf[track].value[0] & 0xf0) {
                case 0x80: /* Note off */
                    if (mpu->inputref[chan].on && (mpu->inputref[chan].M_GETKEY))
                        send = 0;
                    if (mpu->chanref[chrefnum].on && (!(mpu->chanref[chrefnum].M_GETKEY)))
                        send = 0;

                    mpu->chanref[chrefnum].M_DELKEY;
                    break;
                case 0x90: /* Note on */
                    if (mpu->inputref[chan].on && (mpu->inputref[chan].M_GETKEY))
                        retrigger = 1;
                    if (mpu->chanref[chrefnum].on && (!(mpu->chanref[chrefnum].M_GETKEY)))
                        retrigger = 1;

                    mpu->chanref[chrefnum].M_SETKEY;
                    break;
                case 0xb0:
                    if (mpu->playbuf[track].value[1] == 123) { /* All notes off */
                        MPU401_NotesOff(mpu, mpu->playbuf[track].value[0] & 0xf);
                        return;
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
            if (retrigger) {
                midi_raw_out_byte(0x80 | chan);
                midi_raw_out_byte(key);
                midi_raw_out_byte(0);
            }
            if (send) {
                for (uint8_t i = 0; i < mpu->playbuf[track].vlength; ++i)
                    midi_raw_out_byte(mpu->playbuf[track].value[i]);
            }
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}

static void
UpdateTrack(mpu_t *mpu, uint8_t track)
{
    MPU401_IntelligentOut(mpu, track);
    if (mpu->state.amask & (1 << track)) {
        mpu->playbuf[track].vlength = 0;
        mpu->playbuf[track].type    = T_OVERFLOW;
        mpu->playbuf[track].counter = 0xf0;
        mpu->state.req_mask |= (1 << track);
    } else {
        if ((mpu->state.amask == 0) && !mpu->state.conductor)
            mpu->state.req_mask |= (1 << 12);
    }
}

static void
MPU401_Event(void *priv)
{
    mpu_t  *mpu = (mpu_t *) priv;

    if (!mpu->intelligent || (mpu->mode == M_UART))
        return;

    if (mpu->state.irq_pending)
        goto next_event;

    if (mpu->state.playing) {
        /* Decrease counters. */
        for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
            if (mpu->state.amask & (1 << i)) {
                if (mpu->playbuf[i].counter)
                    mpu->playbuf[i].counter--;
                if (!mpu->playbuf[i].counter)
                    UpdateTrack(mpu, i);
            }
        }
        if (mpu->state.conductor) {
            if (mpu->condbuf.counter)
                mpu->condbuf.counter--;
            if (!mpu->condbuf.counter) {
                mpu->condbuf.vlength = 0;
                mpu->condbuf.counter = 0xf0;
                mpu->state.req_mask |= (1 << 9);
            }
        }
    }

    if (mpu->state.clock_to_host) {
        mpu->clock.cth_counter++;
        if (mpu->clock.cth_counter >= mpu->clock.cth_rate[mpu->clock.cth_mode]) {
            mpu->clock.cth_counter = 0;
            ++mpu->clock.cth_mode;
            mpu->clock.cth_mode %= 4;
            mpu->state.req_mask |= (1 << 13);
        }
    }

    /* Recording */
    if (mpu->state.rec == M_RECON) {
        mpu->clock.rec_counter++;
        if (mpu->clock.rec_counter >= 240) {
            mpu->clock.rec_counter = 0;
            mpu->state.req_mask |= (1 << 8);
        }
    }

    if (mpu->state.playing || (mpu->state.rec == M_RECON)) {
        int max_meascnt = (mpu->clock.timebase * mpu->clock.midimetro * mpu->clock.metromeas) / 24;
        if (max_meascnt != 0) { /* Measure end */
            if (++mpu->clock.measure_counter >= max_meascnt) {
                if (mpu->filter.rt_out)
                    midi_raw_out_rt_byte(0xf8);

                mpu->clock.measure_counter=0;
                if (mpu->filter.rec_measure_end && (mpu->state.rec == M_RECON))
                    mpu->state.req_mask |= (1 << 12);
            }
        }
    }

    if (!mpu->state.irq_pending && mpu->state.req_mask)
        MPU401_EOIHandler(mpu);

next_event:
    MPU401_RunClock(mpu);
    if (mpu->state.sync_in)
        mpu->clock.ticks_in++;
}

static void
MPU401_EOIHandlerDispatch(void *priv)
{
    mpu_t *mpu = (mpu_t *) priv;

    mpu401_log("EOI handler dispatch\n");
    if (mpu->state.send_now) {
        mpu->state.eoi_scheduled = 1;
        timer_set_delay_u64(&mpu->mpu401_eoi_callback, 60LL * TIMER_USEC); /* Possibly a bit longer */
    } else if (!mpu->state.eoi_scheduled)
        MPU401_EOIHandler(mpu);
}

/* Updates counters and requests new data on "End of Input" */
static void
MPU401_EOIHandler(void *priv)
{
    mpu_t  *mpu = (mpu_t *) priv;

    mpu401_log("MPU-401 end of input callback\n");

    mpu->state.eoi_scheduled = 0;
    if (mpu->state.send_now) {
        mpu->state.send_now = 0;
        if (mpu->state.cond_req) {
            mpu->condbuf.vlength = 0;
            mpu->condbuf.counter = 0xf0;
            mpu->state.req_mask |= (1 << 9);
        } else
            UpdateTrack(mpu, mpu->state.track);
    }
    if (mpu->state.rec_copy || !mpu->state.sysex_in_finished)
        return;

    mpu->state.irq_pending = 0;

    if (!mpu->state.req_mask || !mpu->clock.active)
        return;

    uint8_t i = 0;
    do {
        if (mpu->state.req_mask & (1 << i)) {
            MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, 0xf0 + i);
            mpu->state.req_mask &= ~(1 << i);
            break;
        }
    } while ((i++) < 16);
}

static __inline void
MPU401_NotesOff(mpu_t *mpu, unsigned int i)
{
    if (mpu->filter.allnotesoff_out && !(mpu->inputref[i].on &&
        (mpu->inputref[i].key[0] | mpu->inputref[i].key[1] |
        mpu->inputref[i].key[2] | mpu->inputref[i].key[3]))) {
        for (uint8_t j = 0;j < 4; j++)
            mpu->chanref[mpu->ch_toref[i]].key[j] = 0;

        midi_raw_out_byte(0xb0 | i);
        midi_raw_out_byte(123);
        midi_raw_out_byte(0);
    } else if (mpu->chanref[mpu->ch_toref[i]].on) {
        for (uint8_t key = 0; key < 128; key++) {
            if ((mpu->chanref[mpu->ch_toref[i]].M_GETKEY) &&
                !(mpu->inputref[i].on && (mpu->inputref[i].M_GETKEY))) {
                midi_raw_out_byte(0x80 | i);
                midi_raw_out_byte(key);
                midi_raw_out_byte(0);
            }
            mpu->chanref[mpu->ch_toref[i]].M_DELKEY;
        }
    }
}

static void
imf_write(UNUSED(uint16_t addr), UNUSED(uint8_t val), UNUSED(void *priv))
{
    mpu401_log("IMF:Wr %4X,%X\n", addr, val);
}

void
mpu401_write(uint16_t addr, uint8_t val, void *priv)
{
    mpu_t *mpu = (mpu_t *) priv;

    /* mpu401_log("MPU401 Write Port %04X, val %x\n", addr, val); */
    switch (addr & 1) {
        case 0: /*Data*/
            MPU401_WriteData(mpu, val);
            mpu401_log("Write Data (0x330) %X\n", val);
            break;

        case 1: /*Command*/
            MPU401_WriteCommand(mpu, val);
            mpu401_log("Write Command (0x331) %x\n", val);
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}

uint8_t
mpu401_read(uint16_t addr, void *priv)
{
    mpu_t  *mpu = (mpu_t *) priv;
    uint8_t ret = 0;

    switch (addr & 1) {
        case 0: /* Read Data */
            ret = MPU401_ReadData(mpu);
            mpu401_log("Read Data (0x330) %X\n", ret);
            break;

        case 1: /* Read Status */
            ret = MPU401_ReadStatus(mpu);
            mpu401_log("Read Status (0x331) %x\n", ret);
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }

    /* mpu401_log("MPU401 Read Port %04X, ret %x\n", addr, ret); */
    return ret;
}

/*Input handler for SysEx */
int
MPU401_InputSysex(void *priv, uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t len, int abort)
{
    mpu_t  *mpu = (mpu_t *) priv;
    int     i;
    uint8_t val_ff = 0xff;

    mpu401_log("MPU401 Input Sysex\n");

    if (!mpu->intelligent || mpu->mode == M_UART) {
        /* UART mode input. */
        for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
            MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, buffer[i]);

        MPU401_ReadRaiseIRQ(mpu);
        return 0;
    }

    if (mpu->filter.sysex_in) {
        if (abort) {
            mpu->state.sysex_in_finished = 1;
            mpu->rec_queue_used          = 0; /*reset also the input queue*/
            return 0;
        }
        if (mpu->state.sysex_in_finished) {
            if (mpu->rec_queue_used >= MPU401_INPUT_QUEUE)
                return len;
            MPU401_RecQueueBuffer(mpu, &val_ff, 1);
            mpu->state.sysex_in_finished = 0;
            mpu->clock.rec_counter       = 0;
        }
        if (mpu->rec_queue_used >= MPU401_INPUT_QUEUE)
            return len;
        int available = MPU401_INPUT_QUEUE - mpu->rec_queue_used;

        if (available >= len) {
            MPU401_RecQueueBuffer(mpu, buffer, len);
            return 0;
        } else {
            MPU401_RecQueueBuffer(mpu, buffer, available);
            if (mpu->state.sysex_in_finished)
                return 0;
            return (len - available);
        }
    } else if (mpu->filter.sysex_thru && mpu->midi_thru) {
        midi_raw_out_byte(0xf0);
        for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
            midi_raw_out_byte(*(buffer + i));
    }
    return 0;
}

/*Input handler for MIDI*/
void
MPU401_InputMsg(void *priv, uint8_t *msg, uint32_t len)
{
    mpu_t         *mpu = (mpu_t *) priv;
    int            i;
    int            tick;
    static uint8_t old_msg = 0;
    uint8_t        key;
    uint8_t        recdata[2];
    uint8_t        recmsg[4];
    int            send = 1;
    int            send_thru = 0;
    int            retrigger_thru = 0;
    int            chan;
    int            chrefnum;

    /* Abort if sysex transfer is in progress. */
    if (!mpu->state.sysex_in_finished) {
        mpu401_log("SYSEX in progress\n");
        return;
    }

    mpu401_log("MPU401 Input Msg\n");

    if (mpu->intelligent && (mpu->mode == M_INTELLIGENT)) {
        if (msg[0] < 0x80) {
            /* Expand running status */
            msg[2] = msg[1];
            msg[1] = msg[0];
            msg[0] = old_msg;
        }
        old_msg  = msg[0];
        chan     = msg[0] & 0xf;
        chrefnum = mpu->ch_toref[chan];
        key      = msg[1] & 0x7f;
        if (msg[0] < 0xf0) {
            /* If non-system msg. */
            if (!(mpu->state.midi_mask & (1 << chan)) && mpu->filter.all_thru)
                send_thru = 1;
            else if (mpu->filter.midi_thru)
                send_thru = 1;
            switch (msg[0] & 0xf0) {
                case 0x80: /* Note off. */
                    if (send_thru) {
                        if (mpu->chanref[chrefnum].on && (mpu->chanref[chrefnum].M_GETKEY))
                            send_thru = 0;
                        if (!mpu->filter.midi_thru)
                            break;
                        if (!(mpu->inputref[chan].M_GETKEY))
                            send_thru = 0;
                        mpu->inputref[chan].M_DELKEY;
                    }
                    break;
                case 0x90: /* Note on. */
                    if (send_thru) {
                        if (mpu->chanref[chrefnum].on && (mpu->chanref[chrefnum].M_GETKEY))
                            retrigger_thru = 1;
                        if (!mpu->filter.midi_thru)
                            break;
                        if (mpu->inputref[chan].M_GETKEY)
                            retrigger_thru = 1;
                        mpu->inputref[chan].M_SETKEY;
                    }
                    break;
                case 0xb0:
                    if (msg[1] >= 120) {
                        send_thru = 0;
                        if (msg[1] == 123) {
                            /* All notes off. */
                            for (key = 0; key < 128; key++) {
                                if (!(mpu->chanref[chrefnum].on && (mpu->chanref[chrefnum].M_GETKEY))) {
                                    if (mpu->inputref[chan].on && mpu->inputref[chan].M_GETKEY) {
                                        midi_raw_out_byte(0x80 | chan);
                                        midi_raw_out_byte(key);
                                        midi_raw_out_byte(0);
                                    }
                                    mpu->inputref[chan].M_DELKEY;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    break;

                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
        if ((msg[0] >= 0xf0) || (mpu->state.midi_mask & (1 << chan))) {
            switch (msg[0] & 0xf0) {
                case 0xa0: /* Aftertouch. */
                    if (!mpu->filter.bender_in)
                        send = 0;
                    break;
                case 0xb0: /* Control change. */
                    if (!mpu->filter.bender_in && (msg[1] < 64))
                        send = 0;
                    if (msg[1] >= 120) {
                        if (mpu->filter.modemsgs_in)
                            send = 1;
                    }
                    break;
                case 0xc0: /* Program change. */
                    if ((mpu->state.rec != M_RECON) && !mpu->filter.data_in_stop) {
                        mpu->filter.prchg_buf[chan] = msg[1];
                        mpu->filter.prchg_mask |= 1 << chan;
                    }
                    break;
                case 0xd0: /* Ch pressure. */
                case 0xe0: /* Pitch wheel. */
                    if (!mpu->filter.bender_in)
                        send = 0;
                    break;
                case 0xf0: /* System message. */
                    if (msg[0] == 0xf8) {
                        send = 0;
                        if (mpu->clock.active && mpu->state.sync_in) {
                            send = 0; /* Don't pass to host in this mode? */
                            tick = mpu->clock.timebase / 24;
                            if (mpu->clock.ticks_in != tick) {
                                if (!mpu->clock.ticks_in || (mpu->clock.ticks_in > (tick * 2)))
                                    mpu->clock.freq_mod *= 2.0;
                                else {
                                    if (ABS(mpu->clock.ticks_in - tick) == 1)
                                        mpu->clock.freq_mod /= mpu->clock.ticks_in / (float) (tick * 2);
                                    else
                                        mpu->clock.freq_mod /= mpu->clock.ticks_in / (float) (tick);
                                }
                                MPU401_ReCalcClock(mpu);
                                MPU401_ReStartClock(mpu);
                            }
                            mpu->clock.ticks_in = 0;
                        }
                    } else if (msg[0] > 0xf8) { /* Realtime. */
                        if (!(mpu->filter.rt_in && (msg[0] <= 0xfc) && (msg[0] >= 0xfa))) {
                            recdata[0] = 0xff;
                            recdata[1] = msg[0];
                            MPU401_RecQueueBuffer(mpu, recdata, 2);
                            send = 0;
                        }
                    } else { /* Common or system. */
                        send = 0;
                        if ((msg[0] == 0xf2) || (msg[0] == 0xf3) || (msg[0] == 0xf6)) {
                            if (mpu->filter.commonmsgs_in)
                                send = 1;
                            if (mpu->filter.commonmsgs_thru)
                                for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
                                    midi_raw_out_byte(msg[i]);
                        }
                    }
                    if (send) {
                        recmsg[0] = 0xff;
                        recmsg[1] = msg[0];
                        recmsg[2] = msg[1];
                        recmsg[3] = msg[2];
                        MPU401_RecQueueBuffer(mpu, recmsg, len + 1);
                    }
                    if (mpu->filter.rt_affection) {
                        switch (msg[0]) {
                            case 0xf2:
                            case 0xf3:
                                mpu->state.block_ack = 1;
                                MPU401_WriteCommand(mpu, 0xb8); /* Clear play counters. */
                                break;
                            case 0xfa:
                                mpu->state.block_ack = 1;
                                MPU401_WriteCommand(mpu, 0xa); /* Start, play. */
                                if (mpu->filter.rt_out)
                                    midi_raw_out_rt_byte(msg[0]);
                                break;
                            case 0xfb:
                                mpu->state.block_ack = 1;
                                MPU401_WriteCommand(mpu, 0xb); /* Continue, play. */
                                if (mpu->filter.rt_out)
                                    midi_raw_out_rt_byte(msg[0]);
                                break;
                            case 0xfc:
                                mpu->state.block_ack = 1;
                                MPU401_WriteCommand(mpu, 0xd); /* Stop: Play, rec, midi */
                                if (mpu->filter.rt_out)
                                    midi_raw_out_rt_byte(msg[0]);
                                break;

                            default:
                                break;
                        }
                        return;
                    }
                    break;

                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
        if (send_thru && mpu->midi_thru) {
            if (retrigger_thru) {
                midi_raw_out_byte(0x80 | (msg[0] & 0xf));
                midi_raw_out_byte(msg[1]);
                midi_raw_out_byte(msg[2]);
            }
            for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
                midi_raw_out_byte(msg[i]);
        }
        if (send) {
            if (mpu->state.rec == M_RECON) {
                recmsg[0] = mpu->clock.rec_counter;
                recmsg[1] = msg[0];
                recmsg[2] = msg[1];
                recmsg[3] = msg[2];
                MPU401_RecQueueBuffer(mpu, recmsg, len + 1);
                mpu->clock.rec_counter = 0;
            } else if (mpu->filter.data_in_stop) {
                if (mpu->filter.timing_in_stop) {
                    recmsg[0] = 0;
                    recmsg[1] = msg[0];
                    recmsg[2] = msg[1];
                    recmsg[3] = msg[2];
                    MPU401_RecQueueBuffer(mpu, recmsg, len + 1);
                } else {
                    recmsg[0] = msg[0];
                    recmsg[1] = msg[1];
                    recmsg[2] = msg[2];
                    recmsg[3] = 0;
                    MPU401_RecQueueBuffer(mpu, recmsg, len);
                }
            }
        }
        return;
    }

    /* UART mode input. */
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
        MPU401_QueueByte(mpu, msg[i]);

    MPU401_ReadRaiseIRQ(mpu);
}

void
mpu401_setirq(mpu_t *mpu, int irq)
{
    mpu->irq = irq;
}

void
mpu401_change_addr(mpu_t *mpu, uint16_t addr)
{
    if (mpu == NULL)
        return;
    if (mpu->addr)
        io_removehandler(mpu->addr, 2,
                         mpu401_read, NULL, NULL, mpu401_write, NULL, NULL, mpu);
    mpu->addr = addr;
    if (mpu->addr)
        io_sethandler(mpu->addr, 2,
                      mpu401_read, NULL, NULL, mpu401_write, NULL, NULL, mpu);
}

void
mpu401_init(mpu_t *mpu, uint16_t addr, int irq, int mode, int receive_input)
{
    mpu->status     = STATUS_INPUT_NOT_READY;
    mpu->irq        = irq;
    mpu->queue_used = 0;
    mpu->queue_pos  = 0;
    mpu->mode       = M_UART;
    mpu->addr       = addr;

    /* Expalantion:
    MPU-401 starting in intelligent mode = Full MPU-401 intelligent mode capability;
    MPU-401 starting in UART mode = Reduced MPU-401 intelligent mode capability seen on the Sound Blaster 16/AWE32,
                    only supporting commands 3F (set UART mode) and FF (reset). */
    mpu->intelligent = (mode == M_INTELLIGENT) ? 1 : 0;
    mpu401_log("Starting as %s (mode is %s)\n", mpu->intelligent ? "INTELLIGENT" : "UART", (mode == M_INTELLIGENT) ? "INTELLIGENT" : "UART");

    if (mpu->addr)
        io_sethandler(mpu->addr, 2,
                      mpu401_read, NULL, NULL, mpu401_write, NULL, NULL, mpu);
    io_sethandler(0x2A20, 16,
                  NULL, NULL, NULL, imf_write, NULL, NULL, mpu);
    timer_add(&mpu->mpu401_event_callback, MPU401_Event, mpu, 0);
    timer_add(&mpu->mpu401_eoi_callback, MPU401_EOIHandler, mpu, 0);
    timer_add(&mpu->mpu401_reset_callback, MPU401_ResetDone, mpu, 0);

    MPU401_Reset(mpu);

    if (receive_input)
        midi_in_handler(1, MPU401_InputMsg, MPU401_InputSysex, mpu);
}

void
mpu401_device_add(void)
{
    if (!mpu401_standalone_enable)
        return;

    if (machine_has_bus(machine, MACHINE_BUS_MCA))
        device_add(&mpu401_mca_device);
    else
        device_add(&mpu401_device);
}

static uint8_t
mpu401_mca_read(const uint16_t port, void *priv)
{
    const mpu_t *mpu = (mpu_t *) priv;

    return mpu->pos_regs[port & 7];
}

static void
mpu401_mca_write(uint16_t port, uint8_t val, void *priv)
{
    mpu_t   *mpu = (mpu_t *) priv;
    uint16_t addr;

    if (port < 0x102)
        return;

    addr = (mpu->pos_regs[2] & 2) ? 0x0330 : 0x1330;

    port &= 7;

    mpu->pos_regs[port] = val;

    if (port == 2) {
        io_removehandler(addr, 2,
                         mpu401_read, NULL, NULL, mpu401_write, NULL, NULL, mpu);

        addr = (mpu->pos_regs[2] & 2) ? 0x1330 : 0x0330;

        io_sethandler(addr, 2,
                      mpu401_read, NULL, NULL, mpu401_write, NULL, NULL, mpu);
    }
}

static uint8_t
mpu401_mca_feedb(UNUSED(void *priv))
{
    return 1;
}

void
mpu401_irq_attach(mpu_t *mpu, void (*ext_irq_update)(void *priv, int set), int (*ext_irq_pending)(void *priv), void *priv)
{
    mpu->ext_irq_update  = ext_irq_update;
    mpu->ext_irq_pending = ext_irq_pending;
    mpu->priv            = priv;
}

static void *
mpu401_standalone_init(const device_t *info)
{
    mpu_t   *mpu;
    int      irq;
    uint16_t base;

    mpu = calloc(1, sizeof(mpu_t));

    mpu401_log("mpu_init\n");

    if (info->flags & DEVICE_MCA) {
        mca_add(mpu401_mca_read, mpu401_mca_write, mpu401_mca_feedb, NULL, mpu);
        mpu->pos_regs[0] = 0x0F;
        mpu->pos_regs[1] = 0x6C;
        base             = 0; /* Tell mpu401_init() that this is the MCA variant. */
        /* According to @6c0f.adf, the IRQ is supposed to be fixed to 2.
           This is only true for earlier models. Later ones have selectable IRQ. */
        irq = device_get_config_int("irq");
    } else {
        base = device_get_config_hex16("base");
        irq  = device_get_config_int("irq");
    }

    mpu401_init(mpu, base, irq, M_INTELLIGENT, device_get_config_int("receive_input"));

    return mpu;
}

static void
mpu401_standalone_close(void *priv)
{
    mpu_t *mpu = (mpu_t *) priv;

    free(mpu);
}

static const device_config_t mpu401_standalone_config[] = {
  // clang-format off
    {
        .name           = "base",
        .description    = "MPU-401 Address",
        .type           = CONFIG_HEX16,
        .default_string = NULL,
        .default_int    = 0x330,
        .file_filter    = NULL,
        .spinner        = { 0 },
        .selection      = {
            { .description = "0x220", .value = 0x220 },
            { .description = "0x230", .value = 0x230 },
            { .description = "0x240", .value = 0x240 },
            { .description = "0x250", .value = 0x250 },
            { .description = "0x300", .value = 0x300 },
            { .description = "0x320", .value = 0x320 },
            { .description = "0x330", .value = 0x330 },
            { .description = "0x332", .value = 0x332 },
            { .description = "0x334", .value = 0x334 },
            { .description = "0x336", .value = 0x336 },
            { .description = "0x340", .value = 0x340 },
            { .description = "0x350", .value = 0x350 },
            { .description = ""                      }
        },
        .bios           = { { 0 } }
    },
    {
        .name           = "irq",
        .description    = "MPU-401 IRQ",
        .type           = CONFIG_SELECTION,
        .default_string = NULL,
        .default_int    = 2,
        .file_filter    = NULL,
        .spinner        = { 0 },
        .selection      = {
            { .description = "IRQ 2", .value = 2 },
            { .description = "IRQ 3", .value = 3 },
            { .description = "IRQ 4", .value = 4 },
            { .description = "IRQ 5", .value = 5 },
            { .description = "IRQ 6", .value = 6 },
            { .description = "IRQ 7", .value = 7 },
            { .description = ""                  }
        },
        .bios           = { { 0 } }
    },
    {
        .name           = "receive_input",
        .description    = "Receive MIDI input",
        .type           = CONFIG_BINARY,
        .default_string = NULL,
        .default_int    = 1,
        .file_filter    = NULL,
        .spinner        = { 0 },
        .selection      = { { 0 } },
        .bios           = { { 0 } }
    },
    { .name = "", .description = "", .type = CONFIG_END }
  // clang-format on
};

static const device_config_t mpu401_standalone_mca_config[] = {
  // clang-format off
    {
        .name           = "irq",
        .description    = "MPU-401 IRQ",
        .type           = CONFIG_SELECTION,
        .default_string = NULL,
        .default_int    = 9,
        .file_filter    = NULL,
        .spinner        = { 0 },
        .selection      = {
            { .description = "IRQ 3", .value = 3 },
            { .description = "IRQ 4", .value = 4 },
            { .description = "IRQ 5", .value = 5 },
            { .description = "IRQ 6", .value = 6 },
            { .description = "IRQ 7", .value = 7 },
            { .description = "IRQ 9", .value = 9 },
            { .description = ""                  }
        },
        .bios           = { { 0 } }
    },
    {
        .name           = "receive_input",
        .description    = "Receive MIDI input",
        .type           = CONFIG_BINARY,
        .default_string = NULL,
        .default_int    = 1,
        .file_filter    = NULL,
        .spinner        = { 0 },
        .selection      = { { 0 } },
        .bios           = { { 0 } }
    },
    { .name = "", .description = "", .type = CONFIG_END }
  // clang-format on
};

const device_t mpu401_device = {
    .name          = "Roland MPU-IPC-T",
    .internal_name = "mpu401",
    .flags         = DEVICE_ISA,
    .local         = 0,
    .init          = mpu401_standalone_init,
    .close         = mpu401_standalone_close,
    .reset         = NULL,
    .available     = NULL,
    .speed_changed = NULL,
    .force_redraw  = NULL,
    .config        = mpu401_standalone_config
};

const device_t mpu401_mca_device = {
    .name          = "Roland MPU-IMC",
    .internal_name = "mpu401_mca",
    .flags         = DEVICE_MCA,
    .local         = 0,
    .init          = mpu401_standalone_init,
    .close         = mpu401_standalone_close,
    .reset         = NULL,
    .available     = NULL,
    .speed_changed = NULL,
    .force_redraw  = NULL,
    .config        = mpu401_standalone_mca_config
};
